Schizophrenia is not among common mental conditions occurring in the people but, it can be chronic and serious. 3.2 million People i.e. 1.1% of the total population of America suffering from Schizophrenia. Less than 1% of people across the world diagnosed with this mental condition. According to reports of the recent survey, around 100,000 people of the U.S. diagnosed with Schizophrenia, means 7.2 people per 1000.

Schizophrenia is a kind of mental disorders caused disruptions in emotional responsiveness, thoughts, perceptions, and social behavior. The condition in schizophrenia can be persistent severe and disabling.

Men and women are both equally affected by mental disorder like schizophrenia, but it is observed that men have an earlier onset. With schizophrenia diabetics and heart disease are occurring health issues. People with schizophrenia have less life than normal people. These types of mental disorders are observed across the world equally.

Causes of Schizophrenia

It is believed that a combination of genetics, environment, and brain chemistry contributes to the development of mental disorder like Schizophrenia

Problems with certain naturally occurring brain chemicals, including neurotransmitters called Dopamine, neurotransmitters, and glutamate are naturally occurring brain chemicals cause some problem that results in affection to the function of the brain and Schizophrenia happens. Brain structure and central nervous system show some unusual changes in the people with Schizophrenia.

The exact cause of the Schizophrenia is not known. But, there are some risk factors that seem to develop a risk of causing Schizophrenia. The factors are such as, medical history of the family of schizophrenia, old age, pregnancy issues, birth complications, increased immune system activation due to inflammation or autoimmune diseases, consumption of drugs for mood alter in the young age, genetic factors, environmental factors, and stress.

Diagnosis of Schizophrenia

Precise diagnosis of schizophrenia can be drawn by observing the person’s behavior and some symptoms like bizarre or hyperactive behavior, disorganized speech and behavior, hallucinations, delusions, and catatonic or coma-like daze.

• Psychological evaluation: The doctor will evaluate your psychological behavior to detect changes or abnormal activities
• Complete medical exam: You need to undergo your complete body checkup to diagnose abnormalities in your nervous system. You need to perform some medical tests like a blood test, urine test, CT scan, MRI, etc.

Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia rarely occurs in children and generally shows signs in ages between 16 to 30 years.

The symptoms of schizophrenia can be of three type’s names as: positive, negative, and cognitive.

Positive symptoms: The types of symptoms, which are psychotic behaviors rarely seen in healthy people. They are like delusions, hallucinations, agitated body movements, unusual thoughts or dysfunctional ways of thinking.

Negative symptoms: These types of symptoms are disruptions to normal emotions and behaviors. They are like, difficulty while speaking, reduced expressions, emotions, tone of voice, become inactive, difficulty in sustaining activity, neutral towards pleasure in everyday life.

Cognitive symptoms: There are subtle symptoms of Schizophrenia experienced by some patients. The cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia can be severe for others than patients because patients might be experiencing memory loss or changes in the aspect of thinking. These symptoms are lack of ability to understand information, unable to make decisions, trouble in concentrating, or paying attention, difficulty in learning new things.

Treatment of Schizophrenia

Aripiprazole is an active component used in the medicine Abilify. This medication is used in the treatment of Schizophrenia. Otsuka Pharmaceutical, one of the leading pharmaceutical companies that offer this medicine. It is an atypical antipsychotic drug that works by changing the activity of certain natural substances in the brain. It stabilizes dopamine and serotonin activity in the limbic and cortical systems.

Dostinex is a popular brand medication composed of Cabergoline active ingredient to treat above condition. Pfizer, a trusted pharmaceutical company has been manufacturing this drug.  There is a chemical in the body called Dopamine that prevents the body from releasing prolactin. It works by binding to dopamine receptors.

Sun Pharma, a fastest growing company offers a popular brand drug Thorazine. Chlorpromazine is an active ingredient used in that medicine. It restores the balance of certain natural substances in the brain. The medicine controls nausea/vomiting, relieves prolonged hiccups, relieves restlessness/anxiety before surgery, and used in the treatment of tetanus.

Iloperidone is an active component used in medication Fanapt. This medicine has been manufactured by Vanda Pharmaceuticals. It belongs to a class of drugs known as atypical antipsychotics that changes the activity of certain natural substances in the brain. This active ingredient acts by in the brain for the treatment of schizophrenia. This drug also called a second-generation antipsychotic. It rebalances dopamine and serotonin to improve thinking, mood, and behavior.

Loxitane is a popular medicine used to treat psychotic condition as mentioned above. This medicine is composed of active component, Loxapine Succinate. Lederle is a trusted pharmaceutical company that manufactures this medicine. It works in the brain to treat schizophrenia.

Olanzapine is an active ingredient used in medications Zyprexa and Zyprexa Zydis. These drugs are used to treat Schizophrenia and manufactured by Eli Lilly Pharmaceuticals. This medicine an atypical antipsychotics psychiatric medication treats mental/mood disorders. It increases the activity of chemical messengers in the brain and help to decrease hallucinations

Invega is a popular brand medicine composed of active ingredient Paliperidone. Janssen Pharmaceuticals, a leading company offers this medicine. This active component works in the brain for the treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. It is also called a second-generation antipsychotic or atypical antipsychotic that rebalances dopamine and serotonin to improve thinking, mood, and behavior.

PBM Pharma, a fastest growing pharmaceutical company manufactures an effective medication Compazine. This medicine is composed of Prochlorperazine as an active medication. The exact mechanism of this antipsychotic medication is unknown; scientists believe that this drug may work by blocking the action of dopamine in the brain.

AstraZeneca, a leading pharmaceutical company manufactures medication Seroquel. Quetiapine Fumarate is an active component used in this medicine. Given active medication belongs to a group of medicines called atypical antipsychotics that helps to regulate the number of certain chemicals like dopamine and serotonin in the brain to control conditions like depression.

Risperidone is an active ingredient used in medications Risperdal and Risperdal M-TAB. Janssen Pharma manufactures these medications used to treat this condition. It is atypical antipsychotics. This drug acts by affecting the amount of certain chemicals known as neurotransmitters that induced naturally in the brain.

Geodon is a popular brand drug composed of an active component, Ziprasidone. Roerig Pharmaceuticals, a well-known pharmaceutical company that offers this drug. It works by blocking receptors on the nerves for several neurotransmitters. These chemicals are that are responsible for the communication of nerves with each other. It is the beneficial effect of this medication due to its blocking of dopamine and serotonin receptors.