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About Infertility

Data revealed by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 10% i.e. 6.1 million women in the U.S. between ages 15 – 44 reported with infertility. American Society for Reproductive Medicines recently revealed that, around 40% of men contributing problem with fertility. In the U.S. out of 100 couples, there are 12 to 13 couples who face trouble in conceiving. In men, it can be caused due to erectile dysfunction.

Infertility is not a problem only with females but, also in males. When a woman is not able to conceive even after trying for 6 months or more, then it is a high chance that she has a problem with fertility. This problem can also occur after the first pregnancy. It can be of two types, a woman, who cannot conceive or women, who cannot carry the pregnancy. One of the Women’s health trusted source found that, in the Infertility cases, one-third of the cases belong to women and another third belong to men or both women & men.

Causes of Infertility

Nowadays the problem of infertility is increased in men and women both, due to unhealthy lifestyle and eating habits. There are some causes which cause infertility they are as mentioned below:

In men, generally, the condition occurs due to abnormal sperm production and factors like genetic inheritance, undescended testicles, also health problems including diabetes, high blood pressure, and infections like gonorrhea, Chlamydia, mumps, HIV, and enlarged veins in testicles. Unhealthy habits like excessive smoking, consumption of alcohol, drugs like marijuana, anabolic steroids, and conditions like depression affect fertility. Exposure to environmental factors like pesticides, radiations, or chemicals can cause Infertility. Treating for some serious disease like cancer, and undergoing chemotherapy can also affect fertility.

In a female, generally, the condition occurs due to ovulation disorder, hormonal disorders, Hyperprolactinemia, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism. There are some other causes in females that lead to Infertility:

  • Cervical abnormalities: Abnormalities in the cervix, polyps in the uterus, change in the shape of the uterus. Benign tumors in the uterine wall: It can block the fallopian tubes or stop fertilization of an egg
  • Fallopian tube blockage: Inflammation of the fallopian tube can cause Infertility
  • Endometriosis: The growth of endometrial cells out of uterus can affect the function of the uterus and it leads to Infertility
  • Early menopause: If the menstrual cycle ends before the age of 40, your ovaries stop working. The exact of early menopause is not known
  • Treatment for cancer: If you are going through the treatment for cancer, then medications, or radiation used in the treatment can affect your Infertility

Diagnosis of Infertility

Before Infertility testing, your doctor or clinic works to understand your sexual habits and may make recommendations to improve your chances of getting pregnant. In some infertile couples, no specific cause is found (unexplained infertility).

Tests for men

  • Semen analysis: This test detects the count of sperms and condition of sperm
  • Hormone testing: Through blood test to determine the level of testosterone and other hormones
  • Genetic testing: To determine any genetic defect that might be present to be unknown to you
  • Testicular biopsy: Through this test, the doctor determines the abnormalities in the male reproductive system that triggering infertility and some sperm related issues.
  • Imaging:  Sometimes, you need to go through brain MRI, ultrasound, or vasography

For women

  • Ovulation testing: Through a blood test, it measures the hormone levels to determine ovulation
  • Hysterosalpingography: To evaluate the uterus and fallopian tubes, to check abnormalities
  • Ovarian reserve testing: To determine the quantity of the eggs during ovulation
  • Hormonal testing:  Level of ovulatory hormones and pituitary hormones need to be checked
  • Imaging tests: Sometimes images are taken to determine the exact problem in the reproductive organs
  • Hysteroscopy: To detect the potential abnormalities in your uterus that might lead to another uterine disease
  • Laparoscopy: It is used to examine your fallopian tubes, ovaries, and uterus

Symptoms of Infertility

When there is a problem to conceive in women, it is a prior sign of Infertility. Other symptoms can be observed in women with Infertility is like irregular menstrual periods, painful menstrual flow, and complete stoppage of the menstrual cycle. In the case of men with infertility, changes in hair growth, sexual activity, and some hormonal problems.

There are some cases that can be counted as symptoms of Infertility in female as mentioned below:

When a  woman – over age 40, facing a problem with menstrual periods, absent of menstrual flow, painful menstrual periods, diagnosed with endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease, gone through multiple miscarriages, and undergoing treatment for cancer.

There are some cases that can be counted as symptoms of Infertility in female as mentioned below:

  • When a man – have small testicles or swelling in scrotum, having a family history of infertility, trouble in sexual activities, history of testicular or prostate problems, have a low sperm count, and immotile sperm

Treatment for Infertility

Clomifene is an active component used in the treatment of infertility. Bruno Pharmaceuticals, is one of the trusted pharmaceutical company that offers the popular brand medicine Clomid. It stimulates an increase in the number of hormones that helps to support ovulation. It is for those women whose ovaries are unable to make eggs properly i.e. primary pituitary or ovarian failure.